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9 out of 10 people breathe polluted air, which causes strokes, lung cancer and heart disease- WHO
In 2020, in the five most-populated cities - Delhi, Mexico City, Sao Paulo, Shanghai and Tokyo, ~160,000 lost their lives due to air pollution.
The major causes of air pollution include vehicle emissions, coal power plants, construction, forest clearing, burning of crops, firewood and waste.
Letâs see how these three startups- Airly, Smart Air and Carbon Engineering are building innovative solutions to tackle this âŹď¸
Changing the way you see the air you breathe
Air pollution is a global crisisâŚFrom the west coast cities in the US (reason: wildfire) to industrial cities in India and China, air pollution is omnipresent. The problem is especially pronounced in emerging and developing markets. For instance, 93% of people in Indonesia live in areas where the pollution levels exceed WHO guidelines. Capital Jakarta, which is home to ~11 million people, has levels 6 times higher than the guidelines. As a result, its citizensâ life expectancy reduces by ~4.8 years.
Data-based decision-makingâŚAmerican-Polish startup Airly believes that for the governments, companies and individuals to take action against air pollution, they need to understand the quality of air that their communities breathe. Airlyâs sensors and software provide accurate, ultra-local, predictive air quality data- particulate matter, emissions like NOx, SOx, methane and carbon monoxide. Through its proprietary breakthroughs in sensor miniaturization, it can monitor more pollutants with greater accuracy, at a lower cost and in more places.
Over 10k data points in 30 countriesâŚLocal governments and cities like Berlin, Jakarta, Krakow and corporations like Philips, PwC, Motorola and Veolia count themselves as Airlyâs customers. The Airly API service allows media, technology and finance companies to access real-time and historical air quality data. Individuals can access the air quality data of ~4500 locations via Airlyâs app. This can help them decide the best time to indulge in outdoor activities(based on the air quality).
Clean air for more people
The cost of clean airâŚThe impact of air pollution on human health is devastating- strokes, heart & pulmonary disease, lung cancer and acute respiratory infections. An estimated 8.7 million people are killed every year due to air pollution. The worst affected people are from the urban areas in middle and low-income countries. In the worldâs most polluted cities like Delhi and Beijing, air purifiers act as an essential protective measure. But unfortunately, the electronic giants have exorbitantly priced these purifiers that make them unaffordable for an average resident.
A simple, cost-effective solutionâŚSmart Airâs founder Thomas Talhelm realized during his research that air purifiers are essentially a combination of fans and filters and companies have been charging an obscene amount by selling it as âproprietaryâ technology. He set out to change that notion and started Smart Air- a B Corp certified social enterprise(addressing environmental issues while being profitable) that provides simple, affordable purifiers to the masses. The purifiers have protected ~100,000 people in more than 30 countries to date.
Still canât afford it? No problemâŚThe Smart Air team also sells DIY kits(tools, fans and filters) for you to build your own air purifier(in just 15 minutes). To dispel myths around air pollution, the team has created an extensive list of articles. To protect more people from the harms of air pollution and as part of their social mission, they also run DIY workshops for NGOs, companies, schools and other organizations.
Pulling CO2 out of the atmosphere
Planting trees wonât cut itâŚIPCCâs report of 2018 indicates that weâve got only a short window to reduce emissions to avoid the worst impacts of climate change. By 2050, weâve to reach net-zero carbon emissions (any carbon emissions should be offset by the same amount). To achieve that, the world needs to emit far less carbon and take out much of what's already there. We need to get 5 gigatonnes of carbon out of the atmosphere by 2050. Now there are natural ways to do that(planting trees, restoring wetlands) but they wonât be sufficient. We need technological solutions to suck CO2 out of the air.
Direct Air Capture(DAC)âŚDAC has proven to be a promising technology in this field. It can remove a ton of carbon at ~$200 and then store it underground. Using this, Canadian startup Carbon Engineering pulls CO2 out of the atmosphere and sequesters it far below the earthâs surface. The captured CO2 can also be used to make marketable products- from bottling soda to fuels. In fact, at its pilot plant in Squamish, Canada, CE is already converting CO2 into fuel. Many companies also use CO2 to force more oil to the surface.
Carbon Sequestration-as-a-ServiceâŚBut to meet our net-zero carbon targets, we need thousands of CE factories to suck CO2 out of the atmosphere- which would require huge financing. It needs organizations with deep pockets to fund CEâs factories. In return, these organizations will receive carbon credits that can be sold in the voluntary carbon credit market. Based on this model, eCommerce giant Shopify recently announced a partnership to fund CEâs Squamish factory. This would allow Shopify merchants and their customers to lower their carbon footprint.
đQuiz Time
So how much do you know about Air Pollution?
A company named Vitality Air sells cans of fresh air. They are based out of___(country)
2022 Winter Olympics will happen in ___(city) but with rising air pollution in this city, authorities are concerned about athletesâ health and performance
If you see an orange haze hanging over the city from a distance, itâs due to___( a gas)
6 out of the worldâs 10 most polluted cities are in ___(country)
Tiny particles, known as___have a diameter of less than 2.5 micrometres and can penetrate deep into the lungs and cardiovascular system.
Answers in the next section
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Answers to the quiz- Canada, Beijing, Nitrogen dioxide, India, PM2.5